Why should we report posterior fossa emissary veins?
نویسندگان
چکیده
Posterior fossa emissary veins are valveless veins that pass through cranial apertures. They participate in extracranial venous drainage of the posterior fossa dural sinuses. The mastoid emissary vein, condylar veins, occipital emissary vein, and petrosquamosal sinus are the major posterior fossa emissary veins. We believe that posterior fossa emissary veins can be detected by radiologists before surgery with a thorough understanding of their anatomy. Describing them using temporal bone computed tomography (CT), CT angiography, and cerebral magnetic resonance (MR) venography examinations results in more detailed and accurate preoperative radiological interpretation and has clinical importance. This pictorial essay reviews the anatomy of the major and clinically relevant posterior fossa emissary veins using high-resolution CT, CT angiography, and MR venography images and discusses the clinical importance of reporting these vascular variants.
منابع مشابه
Development of posterior fossa dural sinuses, emissary veins, and jugular bulb: morphological and radiologic study.
PURPOSE To report the anatomic and radiologic development of the transverse, sigmoid, and occipital sinuses, the emissary veins, and the jugular bulb formation from the jugular sinus in humans before and after birth. METHODS Roentgenograms of 33 injected brains showing the cranial venous system in human fetuses from 3 to 7 months of gestational age and cerebral angiograms of newborns and infa...
متن کاملThe petrosquamosal sinus: CT and MR findings of a rare emissary vein.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Morphologic changes in the dural sinuses and emissary veins of the posterior fossa relate closely to the development of the brain. We report characteristic findings of imaging in six patients with a rare and forgotten emissary vein called the petrosquamosal sinus (PSS). METHODS From a larger group of patients with ear abnormalities, we selected six patients from three E...
متن کاملThe craniocervical venous system in relation to cerebral venous drainage.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Passing from the supine to the upright position favors cerebral venous outflow into vertebral venous systems rather than into the internal jugular veins. We sought to determine venous connections between dural venous sinuses of the posterior cranial fossa and craniocervical vertebral venous systems. METHODS Corrosion casts of the cranial and cervical venous system were ...
متن کاملA new draining or emissary vein originating from terminal segment of sigmoid venous sinus?
The venous efflux from cerebral dural venous sinus into the extracranial venous drainage is predominantly based on sigmoid venous sinus draining into the internal jugular vein. In the fetal stage, the rapid growth of cerebral hemispheres leads to an enlargement of transverse venous sinuses in somewhat disproportionate manner to growth of sigmoid venous sinus and internal jugular vein. Therefore...
متن کاملPulsatile Tinnitus Caused by a Dilated Mastoid Emissary Vein
Although pulsatile tinnitus can be audible, objective demonstration of this heartbeat-synchronous sound has rarely been successful. We report a rare case of pulsatile tinnitus in a 44-yr-old female patient, which was induced by a large mastoid emissary vein (MEV) and objectively documented by Doppler sonography of the left posterior auricular region. The tinnitus was intermittent and the patien...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Diagnostic and interventional radiology
دوره 20 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014